Should you get screened for lung cancer? 5 types of people at risk of lung cancer

Lung cancer stands as one of the most prevalent and deadliest cancers in India, with thousands of new cases diagnosed annually. While smoking remains the primary cause, accounting for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases globally, numerous other factors significantly elevate the risk of developing this disease. Catching lung cancer early significantly increases the chances of a successful cure. Certain people are more prone to acquire lung cancer as a result of their lifestyle and environmental exposure.

Here are 5 sorts of individuals who should consider being screened:

1. Long-term smokers: Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, making it crucial for smokers to get regular screenings, especially for individuals over 50 years old. People who have been smoking for a significant portion of their lives, like decades, or the ones starting from their youth and continuing till their adulthood, are known as long-term smokers. Such former smokers can develop multiple types of cancer even after years of quitting smoking.

2. Passive smokers: According to Dr. Prasad Adusumilli, MD, FACS, Thoracic Surgeon & Cellular Therapist, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), “Regular exposure to secondhand smoke, whether at home or at work, can raise the risk of lung cancer, even for non-smokers. Exposure to secondhand smoke is a well-established risk factor. Nonsmokers who inhale the smoke of others are at an increased risk for lung cancer.”

3. Exposure to excessive air pollution: Living or working in polluted areas might lead to the development of lung cancer and several other lung-related issues.

4. Firewood smoke exposure: According to Dr. Saravana Rajamanickam, Consultant Surgical Oncologist, Thangam Cancer Center, Namakkal, “Household or commercial cooking using firewood also increases the risk of lung cancer due to the smoke exposure. Prolonged exposure to air pollution and hazardous substances like radon and asbestos can silently damage lung tissue over time.”

5. Hazardous sectors Hazardous sectors such as construction, mining, and manufacturing might increase the risk of lung cancer due to exposure to asbestos, chemicals, and toxic fumes. Occupational hazards also contribute significantly. Individuals working in industries such as construction and mining are frequently exposed to carcinogens like asbestos, arsenic, and diesel exhaust, which substantially heighten lung cancer risk.

6. Family history of lung cancer: People with genetic linkages to lung cancer, face greater probability of lung cancer. A family history of lung cancer can increase susceptibility, even among those who have never smoked. Understanding these diverse risk factors is paramount.

Early detection through screening can dramatically improve survival rates. Annual lung cancer screening is recommended for individuals aged 50 to 80 who currently smoke or have a history of smoking at least 20 pack-years. Those at high risk should proactively consult a healthcare provider to assess the need for screening, as early intervention can be life-saving. Early screening can lead to the discovery of lung cancer before symptoms occur, improving treatment results and survival rates. Anyone who falls into one of these risk groups should speak to their doctor about screening.

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